Abstract As the global population climbs toward 9 billion, the demand for edible oils and fats is escalating at an unprecedented rate. Malaysia, the world’s second-largest producer of palm oil,
Introduction The global energy landscape is undergoing a seismic shift as nations scramble to decarbonize and secure reliable, renewable energy sources. In this transition, biomass—organic material that comes from plants
Abstract The oil palm sector is the backbone of Malaysia’s agricultural economy, contributing nearly 43% to the sector’s Gross Domestic Product. To safeguard this critical asset against growing global environmental
In 2024, amidst global economic uncertainty, Malaysia’s palm oil industry demonstrated remarkable resilience. With export revenues surging to RM 109.39 billion, the sector proved once again that it is not