In 2024, amidst global economic uncertainty, Malaysia’s palm oil industry demonstrated remarkable resilience. With export revenues surging to RM 109.39 billion, the sector proved once again that it is not
For decades, the open lagoon system has been the industry standard for treating Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). However, with tightening environmental regulations and the urgent need to mitigate greenhouse
The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) certification is widely regarded as the “license to operate” in global markets. However, while transnational corporations view certification as a standard operational cost,
While Carbon Dioxide dominates the global climate narrative, agricultural soils are the primary theater for two other potent greenhouse gases: Nitrous Oxide and Methane. This article reviews the complex microbial
Abstract Ultisols represent one of the most common soil orders utilized for oil palm cultivation in Johor and Peninsular Malaysia. A 2012 study by PHC Ng tracked the chemical evolution
The aviation industry faces a dual crisis: the volatile economics of fossil-based Jet A-1 fuel and the existential threat of climate change regulation. As petroleum costs rise and carbon taxes
Abstract As prime agricultural land becomes scarce, the expansion of oil palm cultivation has increasingly shifted toward marginal soils—specifically peat, acid sulfate, sandy, and steep terrain. These soils present significant
Refineries play a vital role in the supply chain for processing crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil (PKO) into refined products ready for consumer use or oleochemical applications.
The palm oil industry sits on a mountain of potential energy. With Malaysia and Indonesia accounting for over 80% of global palm oil production, the volume of biomass waste generated—specifically